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advocacyChronic Myeloid Leukemia
also called: Chronic Myelogeneous Leukemia
A chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.
Philadelphia chromosome
A certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene)
haematological
Relating to blood or the formation of blood
Also called: hematological
Response rate
Proportion of patients (in percent) in whom a specific therapy led to a decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of a disease.
Leukocytosis
Condition with an elevated number of circulating white blood cells (leukocytes)
Cytogenetics
Microscopic examination of the number and structure of chromosomes in cells obtained from swabs, blood or tissues (biopsies).
Resistance
The ability to withstand the effects of a drug, e.g. resistance of cancer cells to a specific therapy.
Compliance
Willingness of a patient to reliably adhere to treatment measures and follow medical instructions.
Chromosome
A chromosome is a structure of DNA that carries the genetic makeup in the nucleus of the cell. Chromosomes contain giant chain molecules of DNA, coiled and folded as aggregates with specific proteins. Chromosomes ensure that during cell division the hereditary information is evenly distributed to the daughter cells. Normal human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Cancer cells can have a different number and/or structure of chromosomes.
Cytopenia
The condition of having a deficient number of one or more elements in the blood. Depending on which types of blood cells are decreased, the condition is also called leuko(cyto)penia, granulopenia, lympho(cyto)penia, mono(cyto)penia, erythro(cyto)penia or thrombo(cyto)penia.
Dasatinib
Trade name: Sprycel, development name: BMS-354825, inhibits BCR-ABL and SRC tyrosine kinases. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2006 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.
Other names: BMS-354825|BMS354825|Sprycel
Nilotinib
Trade name: Tasigna, development name: AMN107, inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2007 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.
Other names: |AMN107|Tasigna
Generics
A class of medicinal products where the drug is comparable to a branded product in dosage form, strength, route of administration, quality and efficacy, and intended use. A generic drug can only be marketed after patent exclusivity protection ends.
Imatinib
Imatinib, trade name Glivec/Gleevec, development name STI-571, a first-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition. Authorized for marketing since 2002 for the treatment of CML and Ph-positive ALL.
Other names: Gleevec|Glivec
COVID-19
(Also called Coronavirus or SARS-Cov 2) An infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus in 2019. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer, are more likely to develop serious illness.
BCR-ABL
The abnormal gene that characterizes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, which is a fusion of the BCR gene of chromosome 9 and the ABL gene of chromosome 22
Chronic
Long-lasting, slowly developping
Blast
An immature white blood cell that normally represents an early phase of the development process of a blood stem cell in the bone marrow
Acute
Of sudden onset, severe; of short duration.
CLL
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
TKIs
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, a class of drugs that block an enzyme involved in the mechanism of division of cells
ECOG
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Index to classify the quality of life of cancer patients on a scale ranging from 0 (fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction) to 5 (death).
Also often referred to as ECOG performance status.
Gene
A unit of information present as DNA; a gene usually contains the blueprint for a protein.
Oral
Oral, pertaining to the mouth; taken through or applied in the mouth.
CML
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, also called Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
A chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.
ASH
American Society of Hematology
MR4
Molecular response, or molecular remission, with a reduction of 4 log (BCR-ABL <0,01%)
Ph+
Abbreviation for "Philadelphia-Chromosome-positive", meaning the presence of a certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene).
CHR
Abbreviation for Complete Hematologic Response. The blood cell count has returned to normal, and tests don’t show any immature white blood cells. Also, the spleen has returned to a normal size if it was enlarged.
FDA
An agency of the United States Department of Health and Human services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food and drugs.
TFR
Abbreviation for Treatment-Free Remission. In CML is referred to having a stable deep molecular response without the need for ongoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment after having been in deep molecular residual disease over a longer period of time.
TFR
Abbreviation for Treatment-Free Remission. In CML is referred to having a stable deep molecular response without the need for ongoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment after having been in deep molecular residual disease over a longer period of time.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
also called: Chronic Myelogeneous Leukemia
A chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.
Philadelphia chromosome
A certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene)
haematological
Relating to blood or the formation of blood
Also called: hematological
Response rate
Proportion of patients (in percent) in whom a specific therapy led to a decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of a disease.
Leukocytosis
Condition with an elevated number of circulating white blood cells (leukocytes)
Cytogenetics
Microscopic examination of the number and structure of chromosomes in cells obtained from swabs, blood or tissues (biopsies).
Resistance
The ability to withstand the effects of a drug, e.g. resistance of cancer cells to a specific therapy.
Compliance
Willingness of a patient to reliably adhere to treatment measures and follow medical instructions.
Chromosome
A chromosome is a structure of DNA that carries the genetic makeup in the nucleus of the cell. Chromosomes contain giant chain molecules of DNA, coiled and folded as aggregates with specific proteins. Chromosomes ensure that during cell division the hereditary information is evenly distributed to the daughter cells. Normal human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Cancer cells can have a different number and/or structure of chromosomes.
Cytopenia
The condition of having a deficient number of one or more elements in the blood. Depending on which types of blood cells are decreased, the condition is also called leuko(cyto)penia, granulopenia, lympho(cyto)penia, mono(cyto)penia, erythro(cyto)penia or thrombo(cyto)penia.
Dasatinib
Trade name: Sprycel, development name: BMS-354825, inhibits BCR-ABL and SRC tyrosine kinases. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2006 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.
Other names: BMS-354825|BMS354825|Sprycel
Nilotinib
Trade name: Tasigna, development name: AMN107, inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2007 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.
Other names: |AMN107|Tasigna
Generics
A class of medicinal products where the drug is comparable to a branded product in dosage form, strength, route of administration, quality and efficacy, and intended use. A generic drug can only be marketed after patent exclusivity protection ends.
Imatinib
Imatinib, trade name Glivec/Gleevec, development name STI-571, a first-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition. Authorized for marketing since 2002 for the treatment of CML and Ph-positive ALL.
Other names: Gleevec|Glivec
COVID-19
(Also called Coronavirus or SARS-Cov 2) An infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus in 2019. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer, are more likely to develop serious illness.
BCR-ABL
The abnormal gene that characterizes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, which is a fusion of the BCR gene of chromosome 9 and the ABL gene of chromosome 22
Chronic
Long-lasting, slowly developping
Blast
An immature white blood cell that normally represents an early phase of the development process of a blood stem cell in the bone marrow
Acute
Of sudden onset, severe; of short duration.
CLL
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
TKIs
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, a class of drugs that block an enzyme involved in the mechanism of division of cells
ECOG
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Index to classify the quality of life of cancer patients on a scale ranging from 0 (fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction) to 5 (death).
Also often referred to as ECOG performance status.
Gene
A unit of information present as DNA; a gene usually contains the blueprint for a protein.
Oral
Oral, pertaining to the mouth; taken through or applied in the mouth.
CML
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, also called Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
A chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.
ASH
American Society of Hematology
MR4
Molecular response, or molecular remission, with a reduction of 4 log (BCR-ABL <0,01%)
Ph+
Abbreviation for "Philadelphia-Chromosome-positive", meaning the presence of a certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene).
CHR
Abbreviation for Complete Hematologic Response. The blood cell count has returned to normal, and tests don’t show any immature white blood cells. Also, the spleen has returned to a normal size if it was enlarged.
FDA
An agency of the United States Department of Health and Human services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food and drugs.
TFR
Abbreviation for Treatment-Free Remission. In CML is referred to having a stable deep molecular response without the need for ongoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment after having been in deep molecular residual disease over a longer period of time.
TFR
Abbreviation for Treatment-Free Remission. In CML is referred to having a stable deep molecular response without the need for ongoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment after having been in deep molecular residual disease over a longer period of time.
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